There are 7 basic steps to putting on a show:
1. Auditions
2. First Reads
3. Blocking
4. Rehearsals
5. Technical Rehearsals
6. Opening
7. The Run
I use the term rehearsals to refer to the period where actors work with the director on specifics of the play, before the technical rehearsals begin.
Here is a list of my posts on the rehearsal process:
Blocking: Part One is here and Part Two is here
Rehearsals: Part One is here, Part Two is here, and Part Three is here
Notes: Part One is here and Part Two is here
Other posts include My Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and the Rehearsal Process, located here